Tree cover density data were obtained at a resolution of 10 m from the European Urban Atlas layer for the year 2018, as provided by the Copernicus Land Monitoring Service. The layer was derived from multi-temporal imagery of the Sentinel-2 satellite, operated by the European Space Agency (ESA). This information is derived from multispectral High Resolution (HR) satellite data using Very High Resolution (VHR) satellite data and/or aerial ortho-imagery as reference data. The Copernicus HRL Forest defines Tree Cover Density as the “vertical projection of tree crowns to a horizontal earth’s surface” and provides information on the proportional crown coverage per pixel.

Epidemiology Example

• Dzhambov AM, Dimitrova D, Burov A, Helbich M, Markevych I, Nieuwenhuijsen MJ. Physical urban environment and cardiometabolic diseases in the five largest Bulgarian cities. Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2025;264:114512. doi: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2024.114512.

Downloads

• tree_cover_density.zip